Nozzle for engines working with airless fuel injection



May 20, 1930. wts. BURN 1,759,297 I NOZZLE FOR ENGINES WORKING WITH AIRLES S FUEL INJECTION ,3" Filed April 16, 1928 IFTTOENEYS Patented May 20, 1930 PAT- ,reice I I'WALTER soo'r'r BURN, or nAnTLErooL, ENGLAND NOZZLE FOR ENGINES WORKING WITH AIRLESS FUEL INJECTION Application filed April 1c, 1928, Serial No. 270,525, and. in Great Britain May 6,1927.

This; invention relates to nozzles for oil .engines working with airless injection and has for its primary object to lessen the tendency of the nozzle to become choked. In'accordance with theinvention there is interpolated between the valve seat and the sprayer holes a member incorporating restricted and tortuous channels or passages along which the fuel is constrained tofiow on its way to the atomizing sprayer holes, the number of the channels or passages aforesaid which are individually small in cross section, being so far in excess of the number of atomizing grooves thatthe interpolated member acts as a filter, or in other words arrests solid particles which otherwise might choke the atomizing sprayer holes, it being understood that the choking of even a number of the filter channels or passages will not seriously impair the action of the nozzle. The nozzle preferably comprises an outer member from the hollow interior of which the holes lead, and a filter member which fits closely in said hollow interior of said outer member and has longitudinal and transverse grooves in its surface through which the oil is adapted to be fed to said sprayer holes. The oil thus has a very considerable cooling effect on the nozzles. Alternatively however the filter member may fit loosely in said hollow interior and may have an axial bore hole extending throughout most of its length and radial holes extending from said bore hole to the surrounding clearance. In this case the oil is adapted to be fed into said bore hole and thence through said radial" holes to the surrounding clearance from which the sprayer holes lead.

But in order that the invention may be more readily understood and easily carried into effect it will now be further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one constructional form of nozzle embodying the improvements. Fig. 2 is an underside plan of the filter shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a plan and Fig. 4 a transverse section of such filter. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of an alternative form of filter and Fig. 6 is a section at the line 66 of Fig. 5.

Referringfirst to Figs. 1 to 5, the nozzle 1which projects vertically downwards in p the usual way-has a relatively large circular bore hole in which the filter 2 is contained, from which bore hole extends one centre sprayer hole 3 through which the oil from the filter is adapted to be projected in a finely atomized and whirlingspray and a number of more or less radial sprayer holes a through which more penetrating jets are adapted to be projected. I

The filter 2 is of roughly cylindrical formation and fits closelyinto the said bore of the nozzle 1. The lower end 5 of said filter is slightly tapered in such a way that a small annular clearance 6 is provided between the same and the wall of the bore hole, which clearance communicates with the radial sprayer holes ,4. The surface of the filter is screw threaded throughout vpractically the whole of its length above the tapered portion 5 and has also formed therein a number (say twelve) of circumferentially spaced longitudinal grooves. Alternate grooves 7 ofthis number (hereinafter termed the grooves) communicate at the upper ends with the oil supply source, being extensions of the holes 8 in the filter head 9, but at their inlet H lower ends stop short of the taper portion 5 of the filter. (hereinafter termed the outlet grooves) extend down to said taper portion and then communicate with the annular clearance 6 aforesaid, but at their upper ends stop short of the upper termination of the screw thread.

The bottom extremity of the filter is formed to a flat inverted cone and the bottom extremity of the nozzle bore hole is made correspondingly concavo-conical. The said conical extremity is truncated and thus a small fiat conical central clearance space 11 is formed immediately above, and in direct communication with, the centre sprayer hole 3 of the nozzle. with the annular space 6 by way of two diametrically opposite grooves 12 which run tangentially to said clearance. I

In operation the oil is fed from above into the inlet grooves 7 through the holes 8, and when said grooves 7 are full passes by way of The remaining grooves 10 This clearance 11 communicates through the radial holes 4 m the form of 18 and thence into the clearance space 6. From the screw threads into the outlet grooves 10 the space 6 some of the oil will be projected penetrating jets. The remainder will pass through the bottom tangential grooves 12 into'the Central clearance space 11 and then will be projected inthe form of a finelyatomized spray through the centre sprayer hole3.

By Virtue of the tangential disposition of the grooves 12 the oil projected through the ,hole 3 is rotated about the line of projection as axis and is thus the more finely atomized :mu n of resistance and that the oil is enclosed, within the nozzle itself, between the.

supply valve 13 and the. sprayer holes 3, 1,

r is only of veryfsmall quantity and is utilized tion 18 of a water cooled sleeve in which said 7 to give the maximum cooling effect, thus tending'to prevent the form'ationof carbon on the nozzle. K I

As an alternative, the filter may fit loosely in the bore hole of the nozzle so that, as in the modification shown in Figs. 5 and 6, a

clearance is provided around said filter. In

this example, the longitudinal grooves and screw threads of the first described-construction, are-replaced respectively by an axial bore 14 and a number of radial holes 15 extending 'therefrom to said surrounding clear ance. Theaxialbore hole 14 stops short of the lower end of the filter but passes through the enlarged upper end 9 where it is adapted to receivethe oil from the valve. It will be seen that in this case the oilpasses into said central bore hole 14 and through the radial j holes 15 into the clearance space and thence to the sprayer'holes as before. Fig. 5 illustrates a somewhat different formation "of the lower end of the filter and complementary nozzle portion, which modification may be incorporated in the constructionof 1 just as the construction of the corresponding parts in 'I ig. 1 may be adopted in the con-' struction according to Fig. 5;

As a further means ofpreventing over heating of the nozzle the same is surrounded and V protected by an annular projection 16 from the cap17 in which the whole nozzleinclud 7 ing the supply valve13 is mounted." This projection 16 is in turn surrounded and pro tected bymeans of a second annular projeccap 17 and also the casing (not shown.) of the needle valve 13vand oil supply conduits are mounted. Suitable air spaces are prothe sprayer holes.

.of Durham,

vided at 22 between the nozzle land the cap projection 16 as well as at 22* between the said projection 16 and the sleeve projection What I claim is r V V V 1 1. An oil engine nozzle of the kind referred to comprising a hollowouter member. having a whirling sprayerhole encircled by a series 7 of. auxiliary holes formed. therein, and a peripherally cross-channeled member having a tapered endarra'nged in the outer member covering the sprayer hole and leaving .a clearance space around the said tapered end from which said auxiliary holes extend, the extremity of said member having diametrn cally opposite grooves extending tangentially.

from the sprayer hole to the clearance space aforesaid. 7

2. An oil engine nozzle of thekind referred to comprising a hollow outer member'havin-g v a whirling sprayer hole formed therein, sur-- rounded by additional penetrating sprayer ioles, and 'a filter member having a tapered end arranged in the outer member covering 7 r the sprayer hole and leaving a clearance space around the said tapered end communicating with the penetrating sprayer holes, the ex tremity of such filter memberfhavingdia-=' metrically opposite Jgrooves extending tan gentially from the whirling the clearance space aforesaid.) I

sprayer hole to '8. A fuelnozzle for an oil engine working with an airless injection, 'embodying a valve, a valve seat, a nozzle platetherebeyond with sprayer ejection holes therein, and filtering means interposed between the valve seat and sprayer holes, said means comprising amem her having a plurality of longitudinal chan nels crossed by a series of transverse channels. in lts outer periphery provld ng tortuous paths along which the fuel finds its to 4. A fuel nozzle for outer member in which sprayer ejection holes are formed, and a filter member fitted in said" hollow member and formed with as rie's {of various points in the length thereof to the" sprayer holes. 1

Signed at est Hartle'pool, in the county this sixth day of March, 1928. WALTER SCOTT BURN.

an oil engine working with airless ln ectlon, embodying a hollow] transverse and longitudinal grooves within V 'which the fuel may flow therealong andfroni M 

